{"id":331,"date":"2026-08-12T08:18:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-12T04:48:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sciencio.ir\/?p=331"},"modified":"2026-08-12T08:18:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T04:48:54","slug":"13-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%af%db%8c%d9%84-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%db%8c%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sciencio.ir\/?p=331","title":{"rendered":"13 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644 1<\/a>1 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc $\\hat{U}$ \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

1-13 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631<\/h3>\n

\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 $| \\psi \\rangle $ \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n

(1)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{U} | \\psi \\rangle = | \\psi’ \\rangle$<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:
\n(2)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large\\langle \\psi | \\hat{U}^\\dagger = \\langle \\psi’ |$<\/p>\n

\u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 $\\hat{A}$ \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f $| \\psi \\rangle $ \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 $| \\phi \\rangle $ \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n

(3)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{A} | \\psi \\rangle = | \\phi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc $\\hat{A’}$ \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062a $| \\psi’ \\rangle $ \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u062a $| \\phi’ \\rangle $ \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (1) \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n

(4)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{A’} | \\psi’ \\rangle = | \\phi’ \\rangle$<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (3) \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (4) \u0628\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 $\\hat{A’}$ \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062d\u0633\u0628 $\\hat{A}$ \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0645. \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a $\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U} = \\hat{I}$\u00a0 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (3) \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a:<\/p>\n

(5)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{A}\\hat{I} | \\psi \\rangle = \\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U} | \\psi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (3) \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b$\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U} | \\psi \\rangle = | \\phi \\rangle$ . \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a $\\hat{U}$ \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n

(6)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large (\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger)(\\hat{U}| \\psi \\rangle)=(\\hat{U}| \\phi \\rangle)$<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (1) \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 $\\hat{A}$ \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n

(7)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{A’}=\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger$<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u067e $\\hat{U}^\\dagger$ \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a $\\hat{U}$ \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc (7) \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 $\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U} = \\hat{I}$ \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n

(8)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large \\hat{U}^\\dagger\\hat{A’}\\hat{U}=\\hat{A}$<\/p>\n

2-13 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f $\\langle \\psi | \\hat{A} | \\chi \\rangle$ \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n

(9)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\langle \\psi’ | \\hat{A’} | \\chi’ \\rangle = \\langle \\psi | \\hat{U}^\\dagger (\\hat{U} \\hat{A} \\hat{U}^\\dagger) \\hat{U} | \\chi \\rangle = \\langle \\psi | \\hat{A} | \\chi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 $a$ \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0634 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

(10)<\/strong><\/p>\n

$\\large a=a’$<\/p>\n

3-13 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 $\\hat{A}$ \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f ($\\hat{A}=\\hat{A}^\\dagger$)\u061b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    (11)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    $\\hat{A’}^\\dagger=(\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger)^\\dagger=\\hat{U}\\hat{A}^\\dagger \\hat{U}^\\dagger=\\hat{U}\\hat{A} \\hat{U}^\\dagger=\\hat{A’}$<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc $\\hat{A}$ \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0646 $\\hat{A’}$ \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      (12)<\/strong><\/p>\n

      $\\large \\hat{A} | \\psi \\rangle = a_n | \\psi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

      (13)<\/strong><\/p>\n

      $\\hat{A’} | \\psi’ \\rangle = (\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger) \\hat{U} | \\psi \\rangle =\u00a0 \\hat{U} (\\hat{A}| \\psi \\rangle)=\\hat{U}(a_n | \\psi \\rangle)=$<\/p>\n

      $a_n (\\hat{U}|\\psi \\rangle) = a_n | \\psi’ \\rangle$<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a:<\/p>\n

      (14)<\/strong><\/p>\n

      $\\large \\hat{A’} | \\psi’ \\rangle = a_n | \\psi’ \\rangle$<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u062f\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        (15)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        $\\large [\\hat{A},\\hat{B}] = [\\hat{A’},\\hat{B’}] = a$<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u062f\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 (9) $\\hat{A}=\\hat{I}$ \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u061b \u067e\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          (16)<\/strong><\/p>\n

          $\\large \\langle \\psi’ | \\chi’ \\rangle = \\langle \\psi | \\chi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            (17)<\/strong><\/p>\n

            $\\large \\langle \\psi’ | \\psi’ \\rangle = \\langle \\psi | \\psi \\rangle$<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 $\\hat{A’}^n = (\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger)^n = \\hat{U}\\hat{A}^n\\hat{U}^\\dagger$ :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              (18)<\/strong><\/p>\n

              $ (\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger)^n = \\hat{U}\\hat{A}(\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U})\\hat{A}(\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U})… (\\hat{U}^\\dagger \\hat{U})\\hat{A} \\hat{U}^\\dagger = \\hat{U}\\hat{A}^n\\hat{U}^\\dagger$<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                (19)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                $\\large f(\\hat{A’})=f(\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger)=\\hat{U}f(\\hat{A})\\hat{U}^\\dagger$<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (19) \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  (20)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  $f(\\hat{A’},\\hat{B’},…)=f(\\hat{U}\\hat{A}\\hat{U}^\\dagger,\\hat{U}\\hat{B}\\hat{U}^\\dagger,…)=\\hat{U}f(\\hat{A},\\hat{B},…)\\hat{U}^\\dagger$<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    (21)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    $\\hat{A}=b\\hat{B}+c\\hat{C} \\rightarrow \\hat{A’}=b\\hat{B’}+c\\hat{C’}$<\/p>\n

                    (22)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    $\\hat{A}=a\\hat{B}\\hat{C}\\hat{D} \\rightarrow \\hat{A’}=a\\hat{B’}\\hat{C’}\\hat{D’}$<\/p>\n

                    4-13 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0635\u0644<\/h3>\n

                    \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                    *1- \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (7)\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 (15) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644 11 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc $\\hat{U}$ \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. 1-13 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 $| \\psi \\rangle $ \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":332,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/cdn.imgurl.ir\/uploads\/k7727_quantum-physics-touch_i7n1.png","fifu_image_alt":"\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,26],"tags":[28,27],"class_list":["post-331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-physics","category-26","tag-28","tag-27"],"yoast_head":"\n13 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc - 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