![\"\"](\"https:\/\/sciencio.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/1.1-300x188.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f $\\vec{V}$ \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n
\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n
$\\begin{equation} \\begin{aligned} \\hat{e_1}.\\hat{e_1}&=1 & \\hat{e_2}.\\hat{e_2}&=1 & \\hat{e_3}.\\hat{e_3}&=1 \\\\ \\hat{e_1}.\\hat{e_2}&=0 & \\hat{e_2}.\\hat{e_3}&=0 & \\hat{e_3}.\\hat{e_1}&=0 \\\\ \\hat{e_1}\\times\\hat{e_2}&=\\hat{e_3} & \\hat{e_2}\\times\\hat{e_3}&=\\hat{e_1} & \\hat{e_3}\\times\\hat{e_1}&=\\hat{e_2} \\end{aligned} \\tag{1.1} \\label{eq:1.1} \\end{equation}$<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc (\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631) \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n
$\\begin{equation} V_k = \\hat{e}_k . \\vec{V} \\tag{1.2} \\label{eq:1.2} \\end{equation}$<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 $\\vec{V}$ \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0632 1 \u062a\u0627 3 \u0627\u0633\u062a):<\/p>\n
$\\begin{equation} \\vec{V} = V_k \\hat{e}_k \\tag{1.3} \\label{eq:1.3} \\end{equation}$<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n
\u0634\u06a9\u0644 1-1\u060c \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 $\\vec{V}$ \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n $\\begin{equation} V=\\sqrt{V_1^2 + V_2^2 + V_3^2} \\tag{1.4} \\label{eq:1.4} \\end{equation}$<\/p>\n \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9) \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n $\\begin{equation} \\hat{V}=\\frac{\\vec{V}}{V}=\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{V_1^2 + V_2^2 + V_3^2}} (V_1 \\hat{e}_1 + V_2 \\hat{e}_2 +V_3 \\hat{e}_3) \\tag{1.5} \\label{eq:1.5} \\end{equation}$<\/p>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f $\\vec{V}$ \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. 1-1 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a: $\\begin{equation} \\begin{aligned} \\hat{e_1}.\\hat{e_1}&=1 & […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23,5],"tags":[24,25],"class_list":["post-201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-23","category-physics","tag-24","tag-25"],"yoast_head":"\n2-1 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n